Rotor Drivers in Induction and Maintenance of Atrial Fibrillation
https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2021-04-16
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice. It is associated with an increased risk of stroke, chronic heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. Our options of restoring and maintaining sinus rhythm have a very limited effect, both in the case of antiarrhythmic and catheter treatment. Catheter ablation has proven to be a more effective approach than antiarrhythmic therapy. The success rate of the procedure reaches 70%. However, radiofrequency ablation is associated with a risk of complications, with 4.5% of patients likely to develop major complications, including tamponade (1.31%), femoral pseudoaneurysm (0.71%), and death (0.15%). Given the generally recognized dominant role of the pulmonary veins in the induction of atrial fibrillation, their electrical isolation has become the recommended tactic of the catheter approach. In the case of patients with paroxysmal form of atrial fibrillation, the success rate of the procedure reaches 87%. Unfortunately, in the case of persistent forms of atrial fibrillation, the effectiveness of the primary procedure decreases to 28% and reaches 51% with repeated interventions. In addition to the anatomically oriented isolation of the pulmonary veins, a number of strategies have been proposed to reach the secondary zones of atrial fibrillation induction. The results of recent studies on the effectiveness of strategies for ablation of rotor regions and their role in the induction and maintenance of AF may lead to the further development of catheter ablation techniques and an individual radiofrequency ablation approach in a particular patient.
About the Authors
A. A. Kulikov
National Medical Research Center of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexey A. Kulikov - eLibrary SPIN 3828-0829
Moscow
O. V. Sapelnikov
National Medical Research Center of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Oleg V. Sapelnikov - eLibrary SPIN 7490-0049
Moscow
T. M. Uskach
National Medical Research Center of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatiana M. Uskach - eLibrary SPIN 8752-9657
Moscow
D. I. Cherkashin
National Medical Research Center of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dmitry I. Cherkashin - eLibrary SPIN 4228-8351
Moscow
I. R. Grishin
National Medical Research Center of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Igor R. Grishin - eLibrary SPIN 3671-5200
Moscow
R. S. Akchurin
National Medical Research Center of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Renat S. Akchurin – eLibrary SPIN 6756-8930
Moscow
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For citations:
Kulikov A.A., Sapelnikov O.V., Uskach T.M., Cherkashin D.I., Grishin I.R., Akchurin R.S. Rotor Drivers in Induction and Maintenance of Atrial Fibrillation. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2021;17(2):270-277. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2021-04-16
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